IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION INNOVATION ON SHAPING PATTERNS OF SETTLEMENT TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
The impact of transportation innovation on shaping patterns of settlement to economic development is that it is one that encourages relocation as well as leads to both internal and external trade, efficient use of natural resources and others.
How does improving transportation leads to economic development?Market competition is increased by a transportation network. Resource allocation, or the utilization of particular products and services, is a topic economists frequently research. The allocation process is enhanced by a transportation system because it gives suppliers and consumers more opportunities.
Note that Access to additional markets is facilitated by better transportation infrastructure, and since efficient transportation is less expensive, it is also used more frequently.
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We can classify information systems in many different ways”. Describe two of the ways in which we can do the classification.?
We can classify information systems in many different ways like Operations support systems and Management Support Systems.
What are information systems?A system is an organized system of parts used to gather, store, and store information as well as to provide information, technology, and online mediums.
Operations support systems - The ultimate user enters data into an organization, which is transformed into digital products. A system like this is known as an operations support system.
Management Support Systems - An structured system of components, known as a system, is employed to collect, store, and provide information, software, and digital websites.
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for a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 1-h duration will raise the carbon concentration to 0.38 wt% at a point 3.0 mm from the surface. estimate the time (in h) necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 6.1 mm position for an identical steel and at the same carburizing temperature. enter your answer in accordance to the question statement h
The time (in h) necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 6.1 mm position for an identical steel is 4 h.
As the carburizing heat treatment of 1-hour duration increases the carbon concentration to 0.38 wt% at a point 3.0 mm from the surface, the time necessary to achieve that same concentration for identical steel can be calculated as follows;
It is known that;
[tex]\frac{x_{1}^{2} }{Dt} = constant[/tex]
where x represents distance and t is time. As the carburizing temperature is constant, therefore D will also be constant;
[tex]\frac{x_{1}^{2} }{t} = constant[/tex]
Therefore;
[tex]\frac{x_{1}^{2} }{t_{1} } = \frac{x_{2}^{2} }{t_{2} }[/tex]
Now by substituting the given values, we can find the time required to achieve the same concentration as follows;
(3)² / 1 = (6.1)² / [tex]t_{2}[/tex]
9 = 37.21 / [tex]t_{2}[/tex]
9([tex]t_{2}[/tex]) = 37.21
[tex]t_{2}[/tex] = 37.21 / 9
[tex]t_{2}[/tex] = 4.13 hours ≈ 4 hours.
Therefore, the time necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 6.1 mm position for an identical steel is 4 hours.
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There is interdependence between an organization and its information systems". Discuss this statement.
There is interdependence between an organization and its information systems have a mutual dependency on each other.
What is the organization?An institution made up of individuals or a group of individuals who gather together to accomplish a single, common goal is referred to as an organization.
Information systems and organizations are mutually influenced by one another. Inability to efficiently advantage of innovative technologies, an organization should be receptive to the effects of data systems, which have an impact on how information systems are designed.
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What state of liquid does point a represent in the Rankine cycle?
Saturated liquid, subcooled liquid, superheated liquid, or Sat. liquid vapor mix?
The state of liquid that point 2a" represents in the Rankine cycle is "Subcooled Liquid" (Option B).
What is the Rankine cycle?The Rankine cycle, also known as the Rankine Vapor Cycle, is a process that is frequently utilized in power facilities such as coal-fired power plants and nuclear reactors. Fuel is utilized in this mechanism to generate heat within a boiler, transforming water into steam, which then expands via a turbine, providing useful work.
The Rankine cycle (RC) is a thermodynamic cycle used in thermal power plants to transform thermal energy into mechanical labor. Many researchers have recently focused on exploiting the Rankine cycle to recuperate low-grade waste heat.
Subcooling refers to a liquid that exists at a temperature lower than its typical boiling point. Water, for example, boils at 373 K and is referred to as "subcooled" at ambient temperature. A subcooled liquid is a suitable condition in which refrigerants, for example, can complete the remaining stages of a cooling system.
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When the soluble BOD in the influent to the treatment plant rises from 129 mg/L to 201 mg/L, the operator called to ask your advice on a new MLVSS for the plant. It has been operating with an F/M of 0.45 mg/mg-d and the operator would like to continue using the same F/F. The plant data are as follows: flow rate = 7,673 m^3/d; aeration tank volume = 1,157 m^3; mixed liquor volatile suspended solids = 2,601 mg/L
The new mixed liquor volatile suspended solids from the given plant data is; 4052.72 mg/L
What is the discharge flow rate?MLVSS is expressed as mixed liquor volatile suspended solids and it is the total amount (mg/L) of organic or volatile suspended solids in the mixed liquor residing in an aeration tank. This volatile portion in the aeration tank serves the purpose of measurement or indication of the microorganisms that are present.
We are given;
Initial BOD; y = 129 mg/L
New BOD; y' = 201 mg/L
F/M = 0.45 mg/mg-day
Volume of tank; V = 1157 m³ = 1157 × 10³ Liters
MLVSS = 2601 mg/L
1) The discharge from the initial BOD is gotten from the formula;
Q = ((F/M) * V * MLVSS)/y
Plugging in the relevant values gives;
Q = (0.45 * 1157 × 10³ × 2601)/129
Q = 10497756.98 Liters/day
2) Now, let us find the new MLVSS which would be gotten from the formula;
MLVSS' = (Q * y')/((F/M) * V)
MLVSS' = (10497756.98 * 201)/(0.45 * 1157 × 10³)
MLVSS' = 4052.72 mg/L
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On a negatively grounded system, the
Jump Pack negative clamp should be
attached to the when engine starting.
Answer:
Explanation:
The positive (red) cable should be attached to the positive terminals on each battery. The negative (black) cable should have one end attached to the negative terminal of the dead battery, and one end grounded.
Start by connecting the positive (often red) clamps of the jumper cables to the positive terminals of your battery. These are often marked, but they can be hard to see. Be sure to look closely to ensure that you are connecting to the right portion of the battery.
A rain gutter is to be constructed from a metal sheet of width 3m by bending up one-third of the sheet on each side through an angle θ. How should θ be chosen so that the gutter will carry the maximum amount of water?.
The area of the gutter is therefore equal to the area of the rectangle plus the area of the triangles.
A = rectangle + 2 * triangle
= 10h + 2 * (1/2 hw)
Using trig work out h and w.
h = 10 sin ?
w = 10 cos ?
A = 10h + hw
= 100sin? + 100sin?cos?
Differentiate the expression (either use the product rule for sin? cos?, or write 100sin?cos? as 50sin2? using the double angle formula)
A = 100sin? + 50sin2?
dA/dt = 100cos? + 100cos2?
For A to be a max or min the derivative must equal zero
100cos? + 100cos2? = 0
cos? + cos2? = 0
Use the double angle formula to write cos2? as 2cos^2 ? - 1
cos? + 2cos^2 ? - 1 = 0
2cos^2 ? + cos? - 1 = 0
This quadratic factorizes:
(2cos? - 1)(cos? + 1) = 0
This means that
cos ? = 1/2 or cos ? = 1
giving:
? = pi/3 or ? = pi
Which means that to achieve the maximum area ? should be pi/3 = 60 degrees
You can check that this is the max by substituting in these values of theta and the two end points (theta = 0, theta = pi), and seeing that pi/3 gives the maximum.
The maximum area is therefore
A = 100sin? + 100sin?cos?
= 100sin(pi/3) + 100sin(pi/3)cos(pi/3)
= 100 sqrt(3) / 2 + 100 sqrt(3)/2 * 1/2
= 100 * 3/2 * sqrt(3) / 2
= 3 * 25 * sqrt(3)
= 75 sqrt(3)
= 129.9...
= 130 cm^3
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A contractor estimates maintenance costs for a new piece of equipment to be $275 for the first month with a monthly increase of 0.5%. At i = 0.75% per month, what is the present cost of maintenance for the new equipment across 4 years?
The present cost of maintenance for the new equipment across 4 years is $12,266.01.
What is the formula for calculating a growing annuity?The formula for calculating a growing annuity is as follows:
[tex]\frac{M}{r-g}[/tex] [tex](1- (\frac{1+g}{1+r} )^N).[/tex]where M = the first payment, g = the growth rate, r = the discount rate, and N = the number of payments.
According to the question,
The first payment is = 275
The growth rate is = 0.5%.
The discount rate is = 0.75%.
The number of payments in 4 years = 4*12 = 48.
Now, put all values in the above equation:
[tex]\frac{275}{0.75 - 0.5}[/tex] [tex](1- (\frac{1+0.5}{1+0.75} )^4^8)[/tex] = 12.366.01.
Therefore, the present cost of maintenance for the new equipment across 4 years is $12,266.01.
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a technician back probes the ground side of a port fuel injector with a dmm set to dcv. the engine is idling. what reading should the technician see?
Answer: A technician attaches one lead of a digital voltmeter to the ground terminal of the TP sensor and the other meter lead to the negative terminal of the battery.
Explanation: both technicians are correct
technician a says that vehicles with independent rear suspensions provide better handling than those with solid rear axles. technician b says that vehicles with independent rear suspensions generally have less unsprung weight. which technician is correct?
According to Tech B, non-drive axles are the only ones that use a semi-independent rear suspension. Technician B is accurate.
The geometrical positioning of steering linkages that enables the interior wheels of a turn to move in a different circle radius than the outside wheels. Cost and load-bearing are the two main downsides of a coil spring suspension. If the car already has coil springs, cost is less of a concern; however, retrofits can be very costly and time intensive. Due to lower unsprung weight and the capacity of each tire to address the road independently of the other wheel on the vehicle, independent suspension often provides better ride quality and handling qualities.
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negative impact of cellular base stations on public health
Cellular base stations have a negative effect on the physical environment because they can cause environmental pollution as well as radiation, which can discharge dangerous substances into the air and cause health problems including cancer and breathing issues.
What does the base station of the cellular network do?A base station is a telecommunications term for a fixed transceiver that acts as the central node for one or more wireless mobile client devices. The main point of connectivity for wireless devices is a base station.
Keep in mind that a base station is a device that transmits a wireless signal to a more compact handheld device using radio frequencies such as via a telephone line or the use of the Internet.
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assuming complementary inputs are available, the minimum number of transistors needed to realize a two input xor gate is:
Assuming complementary inputs are available, the minimum number of transistors needed to realize a two input xor gate is 4.
If two inputs work well together in the production process, they are said to be complements. Since the inputs are used in fixed proportions, if the price of one input lowers, more of it will be sought after, increasing the demand for the other input.
In this study, a model of anticompetitive exclusive contracts with complimentary inputs is built. A downstream company converts a variety of complementary inputs into finished goods. When complementary input providers hold a dominant position in a specific input market, upstream competition price within that market benefits both the downstream firm and the complementary inputs providers by driving up complementary input prices.
Thus, even when entry that is socially optimal is permitted, the downstream firm is unable to generate higher profits. Therefore, even in the absence of scale economies, downstream competition, and relationship-specific investment, the inefficient incumbent provider can prevent socially efficient entrance by employing exclusive contracts.
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problem 3 (25 points). in the design of a civil jet transport, such as the boeing 777links to an external site., the choice of engine size is usually based on having a 300 feet per minute rate-of-climb capability at the top of climb to cruising altitude. this is a safety margin. assume the following cruise conditions at top of climb for the boeing 777: l/d
The calculated thrust that we are required to find in this question are solved as:
150.45The static thrust at the sea level = 2446521.9 / 18 = 135.917 NHow to solve for the thrust
Rate = excess power / weight
= dn / dt
= V∞sin θ
V∞sin θ = Tn - Tr / w * V∞
sin θ = Tn - D / w
Tr = D
sin θ = T / w - D / w
T / w = sin θ + D / w
We would have the formula here as
ma x √vRTw
= 0.85 x √1.4 x 287 x 226.73
= 256.5 m/s
Next we have to solve for the angle of climb
∅ = sin⁻¹ (1.524 / 256.5)
= 5.94 x 10⁻³
T = w (θ + 1/10)
= 2446521.9 * 5.94 x 10⁻³ * 1/18
= 150.45
The static thrust at the sea level = 2446521.9 / 18
= 135.917 N
Therefore the required thrust at the cruising altitude is equal to 150.45
while the corresponding thrust at the sea level is equal to 135.917 N
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a single lug is designed having a radius of 0.375 inches, a width of 0.900 inches, a lug bore diameter of 0.375 inches, and a lug thickness of 0.250 inches. the lug is fabricated from a material with an ultimate strength of 35000 psi in the r-d direction, and ultimate strength of 29000 psi in the w-d direction (use curve
The connector-like components known as lugs are frequently utilized as structural supports for pin connections. Since weight and dimension constraints were largely unfettered in the past, the lug strength was overdesigned.
However, the tightening of these criteria has forced the use of conservative design techniques. This section outlines the static strength analysis processes for lugs and bushings that are evenly loaded, double shear joints, single shear joints, and joints that are subject to axial, transverse, or oblique loading. A portion that applies to lugs constructed from materials with ultimate elongations of at least 5% in any direction in the plane of the lug is also included in the list. Also provided are modifications for lugs with less than 5% elongation. A brief section on the strains caused by press fit bushings is also included.
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g what gauge pressure in pa is required at the water source that is required to supply this flow at the sprinkler?
A 1 meter tall vertical column of water exerts 9.8 kpa of static pressure. At the hose's nozzle outlet, you would need to apply 127kpa, or 13 times 9.8kpa, in order to move water 13 meters up a vertical axis.
A 1 meter tall vertical column of water exerts a static pressure of 9.8 kpa. You would need to put 127kpa - or 13 times 9.8kpa - at the hose's nozzle exit to move water 13 meters up a vertical axis.
The final sentence is crucial since it clarifies that this pressure is not what the pump or the mains require.
The length of the hose, friction inside the hose, any valves, or restriction nozzles all greatly limit the pressure between the supply/pump and the nozzle, which in turn affects the pressure required at the mains or the pump.
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stranded wire use is being discussed. technician a says there is less exposed surface area for electron flow in stranded wire. technician b says there is more resistance in the stranded wire than in the same gauge solid wire. who is correct?
The answer is neither A nor B. The strands cannot be twisted without forming a helix. Or, to put it another way, the helix is an inevitable result of the twisting movement.
A solid wire with the same cross-sectional area and conventional length as the wire in the illustration will have a little less resistance. This is due to the fact that the wire in the illustration will have a Path Length that is somewhat more than the length of the solid wire, and Path Length is what counts in terms of resistance. Now, you probably won't notice the helix when holding a real stranded and twisted wire. The helix in the aforementioned image is exaggerated, and the helix in a real wire is typically so "slight" that it's difficult to see.
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observation that r2 and /?3 in effect are in parallel (because the ideal op amp forces a virtual ground at the inverting input terminal). use this observation to derive an expression for the gain (v()/vt) by first finding (vx/vz) and (v0/vx). for the latter use the voltage-divider rule applied to /?4 and (/?21| /?3)
Rx is the individual resistor across which the output voltage drop is being measured, and VRx is the voltage divider formula for a circuit with many resistors.
The distribution of the input voltage among the divider's parts produces voltage division. Two resistors linked in series with the input voltage applied across them and the output voltage emerging from the connection between them serve as a straightforward example of a voltage divider. The currents flowing through the resistors R1 and R2 are I1 and I2, respectively, while the voltage across each element is VS. At node P, the KCL equation will be. IS=I1+I2. Replace I1=VSR1 and I2=VSR2 in the equation above.
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technician a says that variable valve timing improves performance. technician b says that cylinder deactivation helps improve performance. which technician is correct?
In essence, it alters the valve timing by changing the camshafts' phase angle. For instance, to permit early intake at high speed, the inlet camshaft will be cranked 30° in advance. According to requirement, the engine management system regulates this movement, which is triggered by hydraulic valve gears.
Who introduced variable valve timing?Aston Martin
Variable valve timing (VVT), a technology used in conventional vehicle internal combustion engines, was first developed by Fiat in the late 1960s. The 1980 Spider 2000 from Alfa Romeo was the first manufacturer to use VVT in a production vehicle.
Unclean Oil Can Be Very Dangerous
These oil-fed solenoids and actuators, which are also incompatible with turbocharged engines, are among the variable timing components. Internal coking, clogging, and sludge difficulties in those components can be brought on by dirty oil.
VVT regulates airflow and exhaust
Engine valves regulate the ingestion of fuel and fresh air as well as the outflow of combustion gases. In order to match the engine's operating circumstances, VVT and lift systems modify the timing of the valves. As a result, efficiency is increased across a broad range of engine running speeds.
Where can I find variable valve timing soldenoids? At the front of the engine, often close to the front of the valve cover, is where you'll find the variable valve timing solenoid.
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in a horizontal cylinder with diameter 4 cm. if the shear stress on the wall of the cylinder tau subscript 0 equals tau subscript w equals 50 space p a, what is the linear pressure drop g
A horizontal cylindrical segment is a section of a horizontal cylindrical tank that is partially filled with fluid and is defined by a single plane that is parallel to the cylinder's axis of symmetry.
What is the location of the horizontal cylinder?By first calculating the area, A, of a circular section and multiplying it by the length, l, you may determine the filled volume of a horizontal cylinder tank. The area of the circle, which is drawn in grey, is given by
A = (1/2)r2( - sin),
where = 2*arccos(m/r) and is a radian.
V(segment) is therefore equal to (1/2)r2( - sin)l.
Oblique Cylinder: An oblique cylinder is one in which one of the bases is sideways and the axis is not at a right angle to the base.
V=Bh or V=r2h is the formula for a cylinder's volume.
The cylinder measures 8 cm in diameter and 15 cm in height. The equation V=r2h should be changed to 8 for r and 15 for h.
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Why are Airplanes fast enough to travel thru the air
Answer:
Airplanes have a small little jet on the back allowing them to get in the air but they have these big engines on the side allowing them to maintain their spot in the air
Explanation:
for the following stress-strain curve, determine the following: a. the modulus of elasticity b. the stress where the linear stress-strain relationship ends, called the proportional limit c. the yield strength, taken at .002 strain offset the proportional limit d. the ultimate tensile strength e. the modulus of resistance
Answer:https://www.usna.edu/NAOE/_files/documents/Courses/EN380/Course_Notes/Ch10_Deformation.pdf
Explanation: This may help you
what single addition to the automobile gave the internal combustion engine the edge and resulted in most automobiles being produced with these engines?
The gas vacuum engine, the first internal combustion engine used industrially, was patented by Samuel Brown in 1823. In a vehicle and a boat, the invention was shown. It was then utilized commercially to pump water to the Croydon Canal's upper level in 1830.
What three kinds of internal combustion engines are there?
Internal combustion engines come in three main categories and are widely used today:
1. the spark ignition engine, which is generally used in automobiles;
2. the diesel engine, which is utilized in big vehicles and industrial systems and
3. is preferable to the more compact and lighter due to gains in cycle efficiency.
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a differentiator has a break frequency of 100 khz and a unity gain frequency of 10 khz. over what frequency range would the circuit provide the derivative of a function and increase the signal?
An op amp-based circuit known as a differentiator produces an output signal that is proportional to the differentiation of the input signal. In essence, an op amp differentiator is an inverting amplifier with an appropriate capacitor at its input end.
A differentiator circuit: what is it?Depending on the circuit time constant and the amplifier's bandwidth, the differentiator circuit produces the derivative of the input signal over a range of frequencies. Applying the input signal to the inverting input causes the output to be polarity-inverted with respect to the input signal.
Why is a differentiator opamp used? The major application of this op-amp is to boost weak signal levels. Depending on the components used in the design, an op-amp differentiator can be either active or passive. We will utilize this differentiator amplifier in frequency modulators and wave shaping circuits because it essentially functions as a high pass filter.
Why do op-amps utilize capacitors? A feedback capacitor is used in a typical op-amp circuit to restrict bandwidth. A feedback capacitor is a typical approach to minimize noise because restricting op-amp bandwidth will do so. Consider that a capacitor functions as a short to "high frequency" AC impulses in order to comprehend how the feedback capacitor operates.
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for a given amount of power (s) to be transmitted, an increase in the transmission line voltage would result in:
Efficiency improvement is the main driver behind high voltage power transmission. There are inherent energy losses when electricity is transferred across vast distances.
Electricity is transferred from one site to another with the least amount of power loss possible thanks to high voltage transmission. Transformers, which raise voltage levels to enable long-distance transmission, are a crucial component of this process. The electrical grid is made up of power plants, distribution networks, and sub-stations as well as the electrical transmission system. The power loss will decrease as the current decreases. Therefore, to lower current during electricity transmission, the voltage is increased. When sending the same amount of power over a longer distance at a lower voltage, there will be a greater power loss.
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4. A 1.5 kg turtle crawls in a straight line at a speed of 0.51 m/sec. What is the turtle's
momentum???
Answer: 0.765 m kg / s
Explanation:
Momentum = (mass) x (speed)
a 400 l tank initially contains water at 200 kpa and a quality of 1%. heat is transferred to the tank by a burner, thereby raising the temperature and pressure of the water. at a pressure of 3 mpa, a valve opens and saturated vapor at 2 mpa flows out. the burner remains on, maintaining a pressure of 3 mpa inside the tank, until the quality of the tank is 90%, after which it shuts off
To prevent a waterlogged tank or surging at the faucets, you must keep air in the bladder of bladder-type pressure tanks. First, look at the pressure gauge to determine the pressure at which your well pump activates and deactivates.
The difference in pressure between turning on and turning off is typically 20 psi. our pipes, fittings, and switches may become damaged by pressures more than 60 psi. Plumbing failure and expensive leaks could result from this damage. It's probable that the pump won't be able to achieve the cut-off pressure if the pressure is set at 80 psi. The bladder could be torn or holed if tank pressure lowers. If a tank is totally filled with water or has too much water for it to function properly, it is said to be waterlogged.
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is used to indicate the centers of objects such as columns and fixtures.
Answer: Centerline
Explanation: The centerline can tell you where the center of a circle or an object is.
a single crystal of a metal that has the fcc crystal structure is oriented such that a tensile stress is applied parallel to the [110] direction. if the critical resolved shear stress for this material is 1.75 mpa, calculate the magnitude(s) of applied stress(es) necessary to cause slip to occur on the (111) plane in each of the [110], [101], and [011] directions
For surfaces that are perpendicular to one direction, the stress magnitude is greatest, and for surfaces that are parallel to that direction, the stress magnitude is zero.
Stress is the applied force or system of forces that tends to deform a body from the viewpoint of loading. Stress is the internal distribution of forces within a body that balance and respond to the loads given to it from the viewpoint of what is happening inside a material. Stress is a measurement of how a substance reacts to external influences. It is merely a ratio of the material's cross sectional area to the external forces. Stress (S = R/A, where S is the stress) is the ratio of force to area.
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to determine the real power capability of an electrical service you must take into account, phase, voltage and wattage?
It is right that to determine the real power capability of an electrical service you must take into account, phase, voltage and wattage.
Generators operators often control the voltage on the North American bulk system, and they are frequently given voltage schedules by transmission system operators. In the past, variable generation plants were seen as being extremely small in comparison to traditional producing units.
They were typically either induction generators (wind) or line-commutated inverters (PV), both of which lack the ability to naturally regulate voltage. Synchronous generators provided practically all of the bulk system voltage control.
However, the need for renewable production to contribute increasingly significantly to power system voltage and reactive management has arisen as a result of the increased degree of penetration of non-traditional renewable energy, particularly wind and solar.
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