United Airlines is considering purchase of two alternative planes. Plane A has an expected life of 5 years., will cost $100 million, and will result in net cash flow of $30 million every year. Plane B has a life span of 10 years, will cost $132 million, and will produce net cash flow of $25 million per year. United Airlines plan to serve the route only for 10 years. Inflation in operating costs, airline costs and fares are expected to be zero. The company's cost of capital is 12%. By how much would the value of the company increase if the company accepts the better project ( plane).

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

United Airlines

The value of the company would increase by $9.25 million if it accepts the better project (Plane B).

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculations:

                                                  Alternative 1      Alternative 2

                                                   Plane A              Plane B

Initial project cost                      $100 million         $132 million

Annual net cash inflow             $30 million           $25 million

Expected lifespan                      5 years                10 years

Cost of capital = 12%

Present value Annuity factor    3.605                   5.650

Present value of cash inflows  $108,150,000       $141,250,000

Net present value =                  $8,150,000           $9,250,000

The better project (plane) is Plane B.


Related Questions

A high Power Distance Index score implies that the people who hold power in a country are entitled to privileges.

a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer:

a. True

Explanation:

The Power-Distance Index refers to the relationship and interaction between a high ranking individual and a low ranking individual. The index depends on how a low ranking individual reacts to a high ranking individual.

It measures the degree where the members of a  society or group accepts the hierarchy of the power and the authority.

Thus according to the high power distance index score, individuals with high power are entitled to number of privileges in a country or in society.

Hence the answer is TRUE.

Tia and Sam are partners who solely own T and S Florist. As owners, they can:______.
a. claim the organization as their legal property.
b. can't sell the company.
c. claim only limited liability.
d. avoid taking any legal responsibility for T and S.
e. decide not to pay a dividend to their stockholders.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

if the inventory turnover ratio cast co is 5x and its gross profits and sales are $270 million and $1,200 million respectivelly then the inventory account for cast is
a.$180 million
b.$182 million
c.$186 million
d.$196 million

Answers

Answer:

c.$186 million

Explanation:

Calculation to determine what the inventory account for cast is

Using this formula

Inventory account for cast =Sales - Gross profit/Inventory turnover ratio cast

Where,

Sales=$1,200 million

Gross profit=$270 million

Inventory turnover ratio cast =5x

Let x be the inventory account for cast

Let plug in the formula

5x=$1,200 million-$270 million

5x=$930 million

x=$930 million/5

x=$186 million

Therefore the inventory account for cast is $186 million

Correct the single error in each of the following sentence. A week later, you browses through the trend reports​

Answers

Answer:

A week later, you browse through the trend reports.

Students submitting initial CPT applications should allow at least ____ business days for their CPT application to be reviewed. one (1) five (5) ten (10) thirty (30)

Answers

Answer:

The answer is "thirty (30)".

Explanation:

Students applying for initial CPT must allow their CPT application to also be examined for at least 30 working days.

It's Curricular Practical Training (CPT) is an outside study/stage probably understand to the subject. The student that is still learning in a certain program always is open to it.

Indeed, during the first semester, undergraduates could qualify for CPT because it is indeed a significant part of a graduate degree.

The review of all applications takes about 30 business days.

Is it true that in a short-run production process, the marginal cost curve eventually slopes upward because firms have to pay workers a higher wage rate as they produce more output? Explain your answer.

Answers

Answer:

Yes, This is True.

Explanation:

Marginal cost is the cost of one additional unit. The marginal cost curve will slope upwards because firm will pay more wage to the worker who produce more output. This can be regarded as the increase in output leads to increased wage rate. The marginal cost curve will be upward sloping because there will be addition to the marginal cost due to increase in one unit of output.

XYZ has two divisions: South and West. Overall net operating income is $26,900. South Division's segment margin is $42,800 and West Division's segment margin is $29,900. What is the amount of the common fixed expense not traceable to the individual divisions

Answers

Answer:

$45,800

Explanation:

Common fixed expense = South Division's segment margin + West Division's segment margin  - Overall net operating income

                                        = $42,800 + $29,900 - $26,900 = $45,800

                                        = $45,800

The amount of the common fixed expense not traceable to the individual divisions is $45,800.

Suppose the stock of Host Hotels​ & Resorts is currently trading for per share. a. If Host issued a stock​ dividend, what would its new share price​ be? b. If Host does a​ 3:2 stock​ split, what would its new share price​ be?

Answers

Answer:

A. $16.67 per share

B. $13.33 per share

C. $60.00 per share

Explanation:

a. Calculation to determine what will its new share price be If Host issued a 20% stock dividend

Using this formula

New share price (stock dividend) = Old price / (1 + Stock dividend rate)

Let plug in the formula

New share price (stock dividend) =$20/(1+0.20)

New share price (stock dividend) =$20/1.20

New share price(stock dividend) =$16.67 per share

Therefore If Host issued a stock​ dividend, its new share price will be $16.67 per share

b. Calculation to determine what will its new share price be If Host does a 3:2 stock split

Using this formula

New share price=Old price/Stock split

Let plug in the formula

New share price=$20/(3/2)

New share price=$20/1.5

New share price= $13.33 per share

Therefore If Host does a 3:2 stock split its new share price will be $13.33 per share

c. Calculation to determine what will its new share price be If Host does a 1:3 reverse split

Using this formula

New share price=Old price/Reverse split

Let plug in the formula

New share price=$20/(1/3)

New share price=$20/0.33333

New share price= $60.00 per share

Therefore If Host does a 1:3 reverse split its new share price will be $60.00 per share

company name ends with NPC​

Answers

Companies that ends with NPC are non-profit companies. Nonprofit organizations include hospitals, universities, national charities and foundations

The annual demand of product Z is 3400 units. The shop that sells product Z is open for business 40 weeks per year and 4 days per week. The lead time for product Z is 4 days. Assuming constant demand, calculate the reorder point. Hint: first calculate the total number of days the shop is open for business per year before calculating the reorder point. [Select the appropriate range in which your answer falls.]

Answers

Answer:

85 units

Explanation:

Annual demand = 3,400 units

Using 40 weeks per year & 4 days per week, the no of days per year = 160 days (40*4)

Average daily demand (d) = Annual demand / Number of days per year

Average daily demand (d) = 3400/160

Average daily demand (d) = 21.25 units

Lead time (L) = 4 days

Reorder point = Average daily demand (d) * Lead time (L)

Reorder point = 21.25 * 4

Reorder point = 85 units

You receive a credit card application from Shady Banks Savings and Loan offering an introductory rate of .5 percent per year, compounded monthly for the first six months, increasing thereafter to 17.3 percent compounded monthly. Assume you transfer the $6,300 balance from your existing credit card and make no subsequent payments. How much interest will you owe at the end of the first year

Answers

Answer:

$738.39

Explanation:

Interest is compounded for first 6 months

Amount at the end of 6 months = $6,300 * (1+0.05/12)^6

Amount at the end of 6 months = $6,300 * 1.025262

Amount at the end of 6 months = $6,459.15

Therefore, 17.3%

Amount at the end of 12 months = $6,459.15*(1+0.173/12)^6

Amount at the end of 12 months = $6,459.15*1.0896782

Amount at the end of 12 months = $7,038.39

Interest owed = Amount owed - Principal

Interest owed = $7,038.39 - $6,300

Interest owed = $738.39

What type of plan does a property manager implement to manage renters who do NOT pay their rent in a timely way

Answers

Answer:

collection plan

Explanation:

The rent collection plan is a system that is used for the enforcement of rent, in terms of late rent payment as well as lease terms. This is more than just telling the tenant when the rent is due. It has all of the information on all the ways that rent could be paid and also the repercussions for late rent payment or a situation whereby the rent is not even paid at all.

On January 1, Year 1, Michael sold a property with a remaining useful life of 20 years to Wei Co. for $800,000. On the same date, Michael leased back the property from Wei for 18 years. The lease was properly classified by Michael as a finance lease. Michael is not sure how to recognize the $800,000 received from Wei Co. on January 1, Year 1.

Required:
Which section of the Accounting Standards Codification best helps Michael Co. determine how the initial proceeds of $800,000 received from Wei Co. (buyer-lessor) are recognized?

Answers

Answer:

The section of the Accounting Standards Codification that best helps Michael Co. to determine how the initial proceeds of $800,000 received from Wei Co. (buyer-lessor) are recognized is:

ASC 606.

Explanation:

This section that will help Michael Co. to determine if the transaction qualifies as a sale, which is treated under ASC 606, Revenues from Contracts with Customers.  Thereafter, the lease classification criteria in ASC 842 are evaluated.  After the evaluation, if none of the criteria from ASC 842 are met to account for the lease as a finance or capital lease, the seller-lessee would classify the lease as an operating lease.  This implies that the transaction qualifies as a sale and leaseback transaction.

Current information for the Healey Company follows : Beginning raw materials inventory Raw material purchases Ending raw materials inventory Beginning work in process inventory Ending work in process inventory Direct labor Total factory overhead $ 15,700 60,500 17,100 22,900 28,500 43,30030,500 All raw materials used were traceable to specific units of product . Healey Company's direct materials used for the year is :

Answers

Answer:

$59,100

Explanation:

Given the above information, the computation of direct materials used is seen below.

Direct materials used = Beginning raw materials inventory + Purchase of raw material - Ending raw material inventory

= $15,700 + $60,500 - $17,100

= $59,100

Therefore, Healey company's direct materials used for the year $59,100

The trial balance of Beautiful Tots Child Care does not balance.
BEAUTIFUL TOTS CHILD CARE
Trial Balance August 31, 2018
Balance
Account Title Debit Credit
Cash 7,900
Accounts Receivable 6,700
Office Supplies 1,000
Prepaid Insurance 300
Equipment 91,500
Accounts Payable 3,400
Notes Payable 45,000
Common stock 57,000
Dividends 5000
Service Revenue 12,350
Salaries Expense 4,400
Rent Expense 750
Total 117,550 S117,750
The following errors are detected:
a. Cash is understated by $1,500.
b. A $4,100 debit to Accounts Receivable was posted as a credit.
c. A $1,400 purchase of office supplies on account was neither journalized nor posted.
d. Equipment was incorrectly transferred from the ledger as $91,500. It should have been transferred as $83,000.
e. Salaries Expense is overstated by $700.
f. A $300 cash payment for advertising expense was neither journalized nor posted.
g. A $200 cash dividend was incorrectly journalized as $2,000.
h. Service Revenue was understated by $4,100.
i. A 12-month insurance policy was posted as a $1,900 credit to Prepaid Insurance.
Cash was posted correctly.
Prepare the corrected trial balance as of August 31, 2018. Journal entries are not required.

Answers

Answer:

                      Corrected Trial Balance

Particulars                                  Debit          Credit

Cash                                          $10,900

Account receivable                  $14900                        (6700+8200)

Office supplies                         $2400                          (1000+1400)

Prepaid insurance                    $4100                           (300+3800)

Equipment                                $83000

Account payable                                           $4800      (3400+1400)

Notes payable                                               $45000

Trumball common stock                               $57000

Trumball dividend                    $3200                          (5000+200-2000)

Service revenue                                             $16450    (12350+4100)

Salaries expense                     $3700                            (4400-700)

Rent expense                           $750

Advertising expense               $300                          

Total                                         $123,250       $123,250

Dennis is a member of the management team of a company that, until recently, was extremely profitable. As a result of a continuing recession; however, there has been a significant drop in profits, although the company is still making profits. The 196 non-permanent employees are low-skilled, but all of them have been with the company for at least 3 years. The lowest-paid worker earns at least double the minimum wage and the company provides all its employees the benefits required by law.

Dennis will soon be attending a meeting of the management team to decide how many employees to retain. Dennis feels that the firm’s value lies in its employees, regardless of rank. Indeed, it was this culture of inclusiveness that led Dennis to join the firm in the first place. Dennis believes that employee retention is more than an issue of short-term profit maximization.

Required:
How can he give voice to his values in the upcoming meeting?

Answers

Answer:

Dennis can give voice to his values in the upcoming meeting by suggesting that management does not retrench any of the low-skilled staff since employee retention is valued more than short-term profits.  Again, he can suggest that instead of retrenching some employees, all employees can have their salaries reduced minimally after due consultations.

Explanation:

Since the company is still making profits, employees can be consulted and an agreement reached with management to reduce or remove some benefits during the recession.  This move ensures that no employee is laid out.  Retrenching employees during periods of recession always exacerbates the recessionary problems instead of resolving them.

Assume that per capita income is growing at different rates in the following countries: Nepal, 0.7 percent; Kenya, 1.3 percent; Singapore, 6.9 percent; Egypt, 3.8 percent. How long will it take for each country to double its income per person

Answers

Answer:

100 years

53.8  years

10.1  years

18.4  years

Explanation:

country to double given its growth rate

Number of year for GDP to double = 70 / growth rate of country

1. 70 / 0.7 = 100

2. 70 / 1.3 = 53.8

3. 70 / 6.9 = 10.1

4. 70 / 3.8 = 18.4

Assume the supply function of ice cream is written as: Qs = 100 + 20P - 5Pm, where Qs is the quantity supplied, P is the price of ice cream, and Pm is the price of milk ($/gallon). When the milk price is $10, the quantity supplied is 100. Suppose milk price decreased by 20% due to the policy change, how will the Qs change?

Answers

Answer:

The Qs will increase by 460 units which also represents a 460% increase in Qs.

Explanation:

Step 1: Calculation of price of ice cream, P, when price is $10 and the quantity supplied is 100.

Given:

Qs = 100 + 20P - 5Pm ……………….. (1)

Where:

Qs = 100

P = ?

Pm = $10, or 10

Substituting the values into equation (1) and solve for P, we have:

100 = 100 + 20P - (5 * 10)

100 = 100 + 20P - 50

100 - 100 + 50 = 20P

50 = 20P

P = 50 / 2 = 2.50

Step 2: Calculation of new Qs, Qs1, when milk price, Pm, decreased by 20%.

This implies that we have:

Qs1 = ?

P = 2.50

Pm = $10 * (100% - Percentage decrease in Pm) = $10 * (100% - 20%) = $8, or 8

Substituting the values into equation (1) in Step 1 above and Qs1 for Qs to calculate Qs1, we have:

Qs1 = 100 + (20 * 2.50) - (5 * 8)

Qs1 = 100 + 50 - 40

Qs1 = 110

Step 3: Calculation of change in the Qs when milk price, Pm, decreased by 20%.

Change in Qs expressed in unit = Qs1 - Qs = 110 - 100 = 10

Change in Qs expressed in percentage = ((Qs1 - Qs) / Qs) * 100 = ((110 - 100) / 100) * 100 = 10%

Therefore, the Qs will increase by 10 units which also represents a 10% increase in Qs.

A company has the following selected account balances: Sales $ 250,000 Sales Discounts 1,500 Sales Returns and Allowances 2,300 Sales Salaries Expense 56,000 Store Supplies Expense 15,000 Advertising Expense 8,000 Cost of Goods Sold 125,000 What is the gross profit that would appear on a multiple-step income statement: multiple choice $121,200 $167,200 $42,200 $246,200

Answers

Answer:

$121,200

Explanation:

Calculation to determine the gross profit that would appear on a multiple-step income statement

First step is to determine the Net sales

Sales $ 250,000

Less Sales Discounts ($1,500)

Less Sales Returns and Allowances ($2,300 )

Net sales $246,200

Now let determine the Gross profit using this formula

Gross profit=Net sales-Cost of Goods Sold

Let plug in the formula

Gross profit=$246,200-$125,000

Gross profit=$121,200

Therefore the gross profit that would appear on a multiple-step income statement is $121,200

You are given the following facts about a 40% owner of an S corporation, and you are asked to prepare her ending stock basis.

Owner's beginning stock basis $36,800
Increase in AAA 32,000
Increase in OAA 6,300
Payroll tax penalty 2,140
Tax-exempt interest income 4,800
Life insurance premiums paid (nondeductible) 2,700
Owner's purchases of additional stock 22,000

Answers

Answer:

$74,120

Explanation:

Preparation of her ending stock basis

ENDING STOCK BASIS:

Beginning stock basis $36,800

Add:Increase in AAA $12,800

(.40 * $32,000)

Add:Increase in OAA $2,520

(.40 * $6,300)

Add:Stock purchase $22,000

Total Ending stock basis $74,120

Therefore her ending stock basis is $74,120

Mambo Inc. has credit sales of $140,000 in May, $170,000 in June, and $190,000 in July. Mambo collects cash on account 70% in the month of sale and 30% in the month following the sale. What would the cash collections be for June

Answers

Answer: $161,000

Explanation:

Mambo collects cash on account 70% in the month of sale and 30% in the month following the sale.

This means that in June, Mambo will collect 70% of the June credit sales in addition to 30% of May's sales.

June's collections are therefore:

= (70% * June sales) + (30% * May sales)

= (170,000 * 70%) + (140,000 * 30%)

= 119,000 + 42,000

= $161,000

Each of the following would be a period cost except: Group of answer choices the salary of the company president's secretary. the cost of a general accounting office. depreciation of a machine used in manufacturing. sales commissions.

Answers

Answer:

depreciation of a machine used in manufacturing.

Explanation:

A periodic system of inventory can be defined as a method of financial accounting, that typically involves updating informations about an inventory on a periodic basis (at specific intervals) as the sales or purchases are being made by the customers, through the use of either an enterprise management software applications or a digitized point-of-sale equipment.

Periodic cost are costs that occur or arise on a periodic basis such as quarterly.

Each of the above mentioned costs would be a period cost except depreciation of a machine used in manufacturing.

5. What is the purpose of a Job Cost Sheet? What type of information is included in one?

Answers

Answer:

The purpose of a job cost sheet is to record the various costs that went into the manufacturing of a product or the provision of a service. This will enable the company know how much the process cost so that the company can understand the cost of the product better and make informed decisions based on this.

The information generally included in a job cost sheet include:

Direct labor hours Direct materials used and their costMaterial requisition number Manufacturing overhead rate and the basis (eg labor hours or machine hours).Total cost of production.

Unobserved effects versus idiosyncratic errors
Suppose you have two years' worth of panel data on wages and work experience of adults; however, the data set has no further information on the characteristics of the individuals in the data set. Specifically, you have cross-sectional wage and work experience data on individuals in 2006, and cross-sectional data on those same individuals in 2012. You plan to use the following fixed effects model to analyze the effects of work experience on wages:
log (wage it ) = βo + 80 yr10, + B1 experit + ai + uit
where
wage it = yearly wage of individual i at time t, in dollars
yrl0, =1 in the year 2010 (t = 2), and =0 otherwise (t = 1)
exper = years of work experience of individual i, at time t
ai = unobserved (time-invariant) effect
uit = idiosyncratic error
Two other factors that can influence wage, which you have not controlled for in your model, are height and industry of employment.
Use the following table to indicate which term in the fixed effects model captures the effect of height, which term captures the effect of industry of employment, and which term captures the effect of work experience.
ai uit β1
Work experience
Height
Industry of employment

Answers

Answer:

The terms that capture the effect of industry of employment and work experience are:

Industry of employment = uit

Work experience = β1

Height = ai

Explanation:

a) Data:

                                         ai      uit       β1

Work experience

Height

Industry of employment

b) Explanation

The "idiosyncratic error" (uit) describes the unobserved factors that impact the dependent variable.  For example, industry of employment, and this factor vary from one-time period to the next.

The unobserved (time-invariant) effect (ai) refers to the height of the industry of employment, which does not vary over time.  

Finally, work experience is depicted by β1, which is a factor that changes with time.

When the economy is in a recession, expansionary fiscal policy can be used to stimulate and encourage economic growth. Which of the following scenarios represent expansionary fiscal policies from both a supply and demand perspective at the same time? When choosing the answer, please look if it meets three description, expansionary, fiscal policies, and involving both the supply side and the demand side. (There could be more than one answer).
A. The government lowers tax rates and undertakes a replacement of old bridges and roads.
B.The government lowers tax rates and issues a partial refund of taxes that have already been paid.
C. The government raises tax rates and reduces unemployment insurance payments.
D. The Federal Reserve increases the money supply and lowers the interest rate while the government simultaneously reduces future taxes.

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Discretionary fiscal policies are deliberate steps taken by the government to stimulate the economy in order to cause the economy to move to full employment and price stability more quickly than it might otherwise.

Discretionary fiscal policies can either be expansionary or contractionary

Expansionary fiscal policy is when the government increases the money supply in the economy either by increasing spending or cutting taxes.

If taxes are cut, disposable income increases and demand increases. this is an example of demand side

On the other hand, if a replacement project is undertaken, the demand for labour increases. this is an example of supply side

Contractionary fiscal policies is when the government reduces the money supply in the economy either by reducing spending or increasing taxes

Criticize different types of selection and supply categories​

Answers

Answer:

Following are the responses to the given question:

Explanation:

This item type of provision requires that the learner organizes information. The students need to take proper or more options in certain test items. Every item has a single correct answer. Every student needs to learn the very same thing and depend on the red recall of facts. It requires the very same thing.

The decision is based on the basic qualifications for the job. Every supply pool is examined and categorized according to the requirements. The pool of talent is evaluated to obtain the best match. If the biggest game between the selected pool isn't available, the recruiter might consider relaxing certain requirements in the plan to enlarge the pool.

What will happen when the country's
currency is undervalued?

Answers

Answer:

Ur answer is that When the U.S. dollar is undervalued, the cost of a basket of goods in the United States is lower than the cost in Mexico when evaluated at the current exchange rate. To a U.S. tourist, Mexican goods and services would seem more expensive on average. Thus an undervalued currency will buy less in other countries.

Explanation:

Hope i helped , have a nice day , and if it is possible to give me brainlest please , thank you in advance :)

Open communication occurs best when:
a. people feel their opinions are valued.
b. people feel they will be rewarded, or at least not punished, for their opinions.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b

Answers

I think the answer is C.

Use the information provided in the journal entry to post the transaction to the t-account. Post in DR/CR order.
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 1 Cash 45,000
Common Stock 45,000
Received cash from selling shares of stock
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 4 Truck 21,200
Notes Payable 21,200
Bought a compary truck by signing
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 8 Salaries Expense 14,500
Cash 14,500
Paid cash for salaries ,500
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 12 Office Supplies 9,200
Accounts Payable 9,200
Purchased office supplies on account
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 13 Cash 7,500
Unearned Revenue 7,500
Collected cash for future services
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 12 Office Supplies 9,200
Accounts Payable 9,200
Purchased office supplies on account
Date Accounts and Explanation Debit Credit
Nov. 13 Cash 7,500
Unearned Revenue 7,500
Collected cash for future services

Answers

Answer:

Following are the  journal entry to the given question:

Explanation:

Cash  

              [tex]1-Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$45,000\\\\[/tex]

 Common stock

[tex]\$45,000\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1-Nov.[/tex]

Truck  

[tex]4- Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$21,200\\\\[/tex]

  Notes payable

 [tex]4- Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$21,200\\\\[/tex]

Salaries expense

[tex]8-Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$14,500\\\\[/tex]  

Cash  

[tex]8- Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$14,500\\\\[/tex]

Office supplies

[tex]12-Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$9,200\\\\[/tex]

 Accounts payable

[tex]12- Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$9,200\\\\[/tex]

Cash

[tex]13- Nov. \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$7,500\\\\[/tex]

  Unearned revenue

[tex]13- Nov \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \$7,500[/tex]

In the equation below assume U and A are know.
Rearrange the equation so that you would solve for R in terms of the Greek letter sigma)
U = R − 1 2 A σ 2
A. R = U − 1 2 A σ 2
B. R = 1 2 A σ 2 U
C. R = U 1 2 A σ 2

Answers

Answer:

[tex]R = U + {1}{2}A\sigma^2[/tex]

Explanation:

Given

[tex]U = R - \frac{1}{2}A\sigma^2[/tex]

Required

Solve for R

We have:

[tex]U = R - {1}{2}A\sigma^2[/tex]

Add [tex]{1}{2}A\sigma^2[/tex] to both sides

[tex]U + {1}{2}A\sigma^2 = R - {1}{2}A\sigma^2 + {1}{2}A\sigma^2[/tex]

Evaluate like terms

[tex]U + {1}{2}A\sigma^2 = R[/tex]

Hence:

[tex]R = U + {1}{2}A\sigma^2[/tex]

Other Questions
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