We know very little about the mantle because-
For humans, creating a picture of the mantle is very challenging. It is difficult to send a robotic or human mission to the mantle (Earth's core) to observe and gather additional evidence in order to further our understanding of its existence because of the mantle's extreme temperature.
What is Mantle?A mantle is a layer inside a planetary body bordered below by a core and above by a crust. Typically the thickest and most massive layer of a planetary body, mantles are composed of rock or ice. Planetary bodies that have undergone differentiation by density are known to have mantles. Mantles are found on all planetary moons, all terrestrial planets (including Earth), and a number of asteroids. Silicate rock makes up the Earth's mantle, which lies between the crust and the outer core. Its 4.01 x 1024 kg mass is 67% that of the Earth. It makes up about 84% of the Earth's volume and has a thickness of 2,900 km (1,800 mi). Although it is mostly solid, in geological time it behaves like a viscous fluid.
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How many carbon dioxide molecules are needed to produce a glucose during photosynthesis?.
Six carbon dioxide molecules are needed to produce glucose during photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis?
A chemical reaction that takes place in photosynthesizing organisms such as plants, algae, and certain kinds of bacteria when they are exposed to sunlight. During the process of photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide react to produce carbohydrates (also known as sugars), while also producing oxygen. Both animal and plant life require photosynthesis in order to survive.
It takes six molecules of CO2 to synthesize one molecule of glucose, and during this process, each molecule goes through its own individual C3 cycle. After six rounds of the Calvin cycle, one molecule of glucose is produced from six different molecules of carbon dioxide.
Hence, the process of photosynthesis requires sis CO2 molecules to produce glucose.
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Why can chromosomes only be seen when cell is dividing
Chromosomes are not visible in the cell's nucleus, not even under a microscope when the cell is not dividing. However, the DNA that makes up chromosomes becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under a microscope.
Explanation:During most of the cell cycle, interphase, the chromosomes are somewhat less condensed and are not visible as individual objects under the light microscope. However during cell division, mitosis, the chromosomes become highly condensed and are then visible as dark distinct bodies within the nuclei of cells.
gray seed color in peas is dominant to white. assume that mendel conducted a cross and the following progeny were produced: 202 gray and 198 white. what are the most likely genotypes of the parents?
The genotypes of the parents if you assume that mendel conducted a cross and the following progeny were produced: 202 gray and 198 white is GG and Gg.
Gregor Mendel uncovered the basic principles of heredity through his study on pea plants. He concluded that genes are inherited from each parent as separate, paired units. Mendel observed how parental genes separated and if they showed up as dominant or recessive qualities in the children.
Let "G" represents gray seed colored peas while "g" represents white seed colored peas. Also, take note that "G" is dominant over "g". The ratio of gray vs white offspring is 202:198 and if we simplify it, it becomes 2:2. Thus, there are 2 times gray peas for every 2 white ones. Now as per Mendel's rule, the genotype of two gray peas would be GG and Gg So the genotype of parent would be GG x Gg.
The cross can be seen in the attached image.
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superfractor va, an engineered factor v molecule, effectively reduces bleeding and acute coagulopathy in mouse models of trauma and shock. the american society of hematology
Here, we looked into the potential for reducing traumatic bleeding and preventing or normalizing hemostasis parameters suggestive of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC), a process thought to be distinct from disseminated intravascular coagulation, through targeted intervention with an engineered factor FV variant (superFVa), resistant to inactivation by APC (DIC).
Traumatic bleeding is a leading cause of death and disability in the absence of particular treatments. A high mortality risk condition known as acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) is seen in 30 to 50 percent of individuals who also have bleeding. Activated protein C (APC), whose excessive production promotes the quick depletion of engineered factor FV variant and FVIII and hyperfibrinolysis, may play a part in the onset of ATC, according to recent studies.
Only mice who underwent both trauma and shock in the trauma/shock model acquired ATC, as shown by a large APTT extension (25.4 to 36.1 seconds), which was accompanied by a severe drop in engineered factor FV variant and FVIII, a minor reduction in fibrinogen, and no effect on FX or FII.
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Where can you find diamonds
In the 80s, 90s and early 2000s, the Chesapeake Bay was so polluted that fish and oyster populations were almost gone. In 2008, environmentalists were divided on how to fix the bay. Some demanded widespread seeding of sterile imported oysters to deal with worsening water quality that was wiping out aquatic life in the bay. Adding the imported oysters could slowly filter and clean the bay water. Others warned that this could be a disaster because a few of the imported oysters would be fertile and might proliferate, forcing out the last of the Eastern oysters or interbreeding with the native species. (Source: © 1999-2020 National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science, University at Buffalo.)
If local officials decide to place imported oysters in bay, how could this change the capacity of the bay to support human activity?
The water quality in the Chesapeake bay will deteriorate with an increase in human populations.
The Chesapeake Bay faces serious problems due to human activities, including polluted storm water runoff, over-fertilization and pollutants from animal wastes, deforestation, wetland destruction from agricultural, city, and suburban development, and sea level rise due to worldwide climate exchange.
The water quality within the bay will deteriorate with an increase in human populations. The bays like Chesapeake Bay are brackish a mixture of sparkling and salt water. An increase in human populace will growth the salt stages in the bay because the among of clean water is reduced.
Sea-level rise is exacerbated by land subsidence. This combination of methods in the Chesapeake Bay has resulted in about one foot of net sea-stage rise in the Bay over the last one hundred years a charge almost two times that of the worldwide historical average.
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the initial consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis are: removal of carbon dioxide and replacement of molecular oxygen in the environment. increase of molecular oxygen concentration in the atmosphere over time.
The consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis are to produce carbohydrates, light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O) taken up by plant roots to CO2.
What is oxygenic photosynthesis?Oxygenic photosynthesis is defined as a non-cyclic photosynthetic electron chain in which water serves as the initial electron donor and, as a result, molecular oxygen is liberated as a byproduct.
An oxygenic photosynthesis is defined as the phototrophic process in which light energy is captured and converted to ATP without oxygen production.
Thus, the consequences of oxygenic photosynthesis are to produce carbohydrates, light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O) taken up by plant roots to CO2.
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We tested for halides, phosphates, sulfates, and nitrates. Are these ions water pollutants? what potential health issues could they cause if they are ingested?.
Yes, halides, phosphates, sulfates and nitrates pollute the water bodies and pose damage on ingestion.
Ions are generally present in water, making it conductive in nature. The excess concentration of these ions pose harm to environment and human health. These ions, when present in excess, decrease the available oxygen in the water bodies. It further causes death of microorganisms and plants.
Ingestion of ions in excess concentrations imbalances the ion concentration in the body. These high concentrations can also have carcinogenic consequences on human health leading to lethality. Other effects of ingestion of these ions include diarrhoea, neural tube defects, dehydration, colon cancer.
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state the name given to the cell formed from two gametes at fertilisation
Answer:
Zygote is the fertilized cell after an egg or ovum is fertilized with a sperm cell.
Name 2 properties that ALL living things have in common?
Answer:
are made of cells.
obtain and use energy.
grow and develop.
reproduce.
respond to their environment.
Explanation:
Hope this at least helps
Answer:
Growth
Dependent on their environment
Needs energy, water, food resources
Reproduction
Cells and DNA
Respiration
:)
Almost out! Here's a quick vocabulary review for this lesson. Match the numbers from the word bank to its
correct definition to figure out the final 4-digit code.
WORD BANK
1. Scientific Law
2. Organic
3. Reactants
4. Products
Derived from
matter that is
living or was once
living
A substance
formed after a
chemical reaction
A description of
an observed
phenomenon
based on
repeated
experimentation
A substance that
takes part in and
undergoes
change during a
reactions
A process by which plants and other living things transform light energy into chemical energy. utilized to produce or build up nourishment for the organism.
Reactants are the substances that begin a chemical reaction, while products are the compounds that are created as a result of the reaction. According to this equation, the mass of the r increases whenever a chemical reaction rearranges atoms into a new product.
Students put into practice what they have learned about how pure substances have distinct features and are created from only one kind of atom or molecule.
What are the four laws of chemistry?
mass conservation principle. specified proportions law Multiple proportions law. Gaseous quantities according to Gay Lussac.
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It’s A,B,C, and E
Good luck !!!
The statements that correctly describe the importance of meiosis to the life cycle or these organisms are:
A) Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same.
B) Taking a diploid cell to its haploid state occurs during the first cell division of meiosis.
C) Checkpoints during meiosis ensures that chromosome separation occurs accurately, avoiding non-disjunction.
E) Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization.
Why meiosis is essential in sexual reproduction?In regards to the importance of meiosis in sexual reproduction, we need to understand that meiosis is the chromosomal reduction process that enables the formation of the haploid germ cells required for sexual reproduction.
It also plays a crucial function in promoting genetic variety and making it easier for recombination to correct genetic flaws.
Therefore, Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the making of four gamete cells as well as the halving of the number of chromosomes in the parent cell. To develop egg as well as sperm cells for sexual reproduction, this process is necessary.
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See full question (image transcript) below
The process of meiosis is essential in the sexual reproduction and life cycle of many organisms. The outcome of meiosis is haploid gametes. Which statements correctly describe the importance of meiosis to the life cycle or these organisms? (Choose four options)
A) Increasing genetic diversity ensures that no two haploid gametes are exactly the same.
B) Taking a diploid cell to its haploid state occurs during the first cell division of meiosis.
C) Checkpoints during meiosis ensures that chromosome separation occurs accurately, avoiding non-disjunction.
D) DNA synthesis occurs before each cell division in meiosis ensures that the integrity of the chromosomes is maintained.
E) Reducing the number of chromosomes by half during meiosis ensures the chromosome number is maintained during fertilization.
Which of the following choices is an example of indirect water pollution?
Answer:
It include contaminants that enters the water supply from soil or groundwater systems and from the atmosphere via rain.
Neptune has a turbulent atmosphere, which changes the planet's
appearance.
A-True
B -False
Which of the following is a simplified way of describing mitosis?
1. Cells copy once and divide twice making 2 cells
2. Cells copy twice and divide once making 2 cells
3. Cells copy once and divide twice making 4 cells
4. Cells copy once and divide once making 2 cells
Mitosis is the equational division, in which one parent cell divides to form two exact copies of daughter cells which are identical to the parent cell. Thus, the correct option is 4.
What is Mitosis?Mitosis is a type of cell division which occurs in all types of cells. This is also known as equational division because the number of chromosomes remains constant after the division. In this division, one parent cell undergoes division to form two daughter cells which are clones of the parent cell.
In this division, a single DNA splits into two daughter cell's DNA. The mitotic division consist of karyokinesis and cytokinesis. Karyokinesis is the division of nucleus which includes different phases such as Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase followed by the division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis).
Therefore, the correct option is 4.
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Carbon is returned into the atmosphere (as carbon dioxide) because of the
decomposition _______ that happens in plant and animal cells.
because of the decomposition of oxygen
Answer: Carbon(C) is returned into the atmosphere (as carbon dioxide) because of the decomposition and respiration in plant and animal cells.
Explanation:
Respiration is a process in which energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) is released via the breakdown of food, releasing energy and carbon dioxide, and that carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere.
It occurs in all plants and animal cells and is a significant part of the carbon dioxide cycle.
Decomposition on the other hand is the breakdown and decaying of organic materials into simpler constituents releasing carbon dioxide and water(H20).
And the CO2 released in decomposition also goes into the atmosphere.
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if i gave you a protein you knew nothing about (not a fluorescent protein) and asked you to predict its function, which do you think would be most helpful to analyze, primary, secondary or tertiary structure?
The amino acid sequence of a protein determines how it will behave biologically, and alterations to the amino acid sequence will affect the protein's 3D structure.
If you're given a protein X whose function is unknown, you can use NMR or X-Ray crystallography to find out its structural information, or you can use computational methods like threading for 3D structure prediction, PSIPRED, the Chou-Fasman Method, or homology modelling (based on finding homologues of the given protein's structure in the PDB and modelling it using a tool like Swiss Modeller). discover physiochemical characteristics such as molecular weight, amino acid composition, PI, etc.,
So briefly, use CD spectroscopy, Edman degradation, NMR, and mass spectrometry to find primary sequences for unknown proteins. Every one of these is for experimental purposes.
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What is an example of an organ that contains tissues that undergo meiosis in humans?.
The only cells that undergo meiosis are egg mother cells (oocytes) in the ovaries and sperm mother cells (spermatocytes) in the testes.
What is meiosis?Meiosis is a unique type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is cut in half. Oogenesis and spermatogenesis are the terms used to describe the processes of egg and sperm production.
What exactly are oocytes?In the process of human reproduction, there are two different kinds of sex cells, or gametes. The male gamete, or sperm, and the female gamete, the egg or ovum, combine in the female reproductive system. The fertilized egg produced by the union of a sperm and an egg is termed as a zygote. They are diploid in nature(2n).
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Cells in a plant root are non-photosynthetic, but they still depend on the light energy harvested during photosynthesis in leaves. In what form is the light energy transferred to the root cells?.
Explanation:
the light energy is converted to heat energy in order to break the covalent bonds in the water molecules that are combined with CO2 to create glucose
Please hurry i will mark you as brainleist!! A hypothesis is a possible answer or explanation to a scientific question based on
A. scientific laws and research that are testable.
B. scientific theories that are testable.
C. prior knowledge or research that is testable.
D. scientific laws and theories that are testable.
Which type of rock results from broken pieces of rock cementing together? Responses metamorphic sedimentary igneous felsic
The type of rock that results from broken pieces of rock cementing together is sedimentary. Option A.
Sedimentary rocks are formed from other existing rock fragments or organic matter. There are three types of sedimentary rocks detrital organic and chemical. Clastic sedimentary rocks such as sandstone are formed from classic and other rock fragments. Sedimentary rocks are layered rocks formed by compaction cementation and recrystallization of sediments.
Compression is the compression of a layer of sediment by the heavy weight of overlying rock formations. The igneous rock then breaks apart over time in the process of weathering. These rocks are washed away by rain and deposited in rivers. Fragments of these igneous rocks harden together with other rock masses to form sedimentary rocks called conglomerates.
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What is the term for the site where the muscle attaches that does not move when the muscle contracts?.
The origin is the term for the site where the muscle attaches that does not move when the muscle contracts.
It's simple to believe that muscle is muscle, and that the tissues in hearts, tongues, and arms are essentially the same. Mammalian bodies, however, are composed of three distinct muscle types: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth. Organs including our skin, blood arteries, and digestive tracts are made up of smooth muscles. The heart's muscles are called cardiac muscles. Despite how amazing and sophisticated these tissues are, the skeletal muscles are what carry out the bulk of the work.
The muscles that are a part of the skeletal system are known as skeletal muscles. They are voluntary muscles, as opposed to the hearts and stomachs, and one has cognitive control over them.
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what is the sbstrate of an enzyme
A molecule with which an enzyme interacts is known as a substrate.
A substrate is put into the active site of the enzyme, which is where weak bonds between two molecules might form. The substrate reacts under the pressure of the enzyme, forming an enzyme-substrate complex that is the product of the intended reaction.
In biochemistry, the molecule on which an enzyme operates is known as the substrate. Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions involving the substrate(s). The substrate is changed by the active site into one or more released products. The active site is then ready to accept a fresh substrate molecule.
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Factors that affect prenatal development
Genetic (a dominant trait)
Factor:
Genetic (a recessive trait)
Factor:
Genetic (a genetic or chromosomal disorder)
Factor:
Environmental (mother's physical health)
Factor:
Environmental (mother's emotional health)
Factor:
Environmental (something in the environment
that the mother lives in)
Factor:
How do these factors have a positive or negative affect?
All the factors mentioned like environment factors, mother's physical and emotional health all can have either positive or negative effect.
What is factor and how come these factors have an effect on mother's health?Factors are in pair present on chromosomes , have studied in genetics. There are two factors for each trait.The statement that factors are present in pair have a significant role and need to be kept in mind vividly.Here comes the health of the mother which can be effected by emotion health, if mother is suffering with emotional challenges then obviously its a negative effect .When mother is living in a hygienic environment and friendly environment that's a positive impact.To know more about Factors visit:
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Proteins which are embedded in the membrane are called membrane proteins, while proteins which are attached to the surface of the membrane are called proteins.
Proteins which are embedded in the membrane are called membrane proteins, while proteins which are attached to the surface of the membrane are called peripheral proteins.
Any protein molecule that is joined to or connected to an organelle's or cell's membrane is said to be a membrane protein. On the basis of how the protein is connected to the membrane, membrane proteins can be divided into two types. Integral membrane proteins are indelibly incorporated into the plasma membrane.
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The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the __________.
Answer:
Latissimus dorsi
Explanation:
The posterior axial muscle that crosses the glenohumeral joint is the latissimus dorsi The deltoid muscle fibers are separated into anterior, middle, and posterior The middle fibers of the deltoid muscle abduct the arm The origin of the external obliques includes ribs
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Using the image below, identify the type of membrane transport shown (DIFFUSION, FACILITATED DIFFUSION, ACTIVE TRANSPORT) and explain how it works.
Answer:
Diffusion
Explanation:
Diffusion and Facilitated diffusion are the only two passive transports present. The other would be the active transport.
The differences between diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that diffusion is the substance passing through a phospholipids (lipid bilayer), while facilitated diffusion uses proteins in the bilayer that will allow this substance to pass through.
Like in the diagram shown, we start off with a high concentration on the top of the lipid bilayer, but we want to have both sides equal. That's why diffusion happens where at the end both concentrations on each side are equal.
What causes water to be pulled up into a paper towel?
A. Cohesion.
B. Adhesion.
C. capillary action.
D. All of the above
Answer:
Capillary
Explanation:
Answer: C. Capillary Action
the transition temperature, tm, for a sample cell's membrane was found to be much higher than a reference cell's membrane. what can be said about the membrane contents of each based on this experiment?
The sample cell probably has more cholesterol than the reference cell does.
How cholestrol affects sample cell?The sample cell is most likely to contain less saturated fat than the reference cell; it is also most likely to contain more cis-fatty acids than the reference cell. reference cell; The sample cell is likely to have more polyunsaturated fatty acids than the reference cell.
What is transition temperature?
The transition temperature is the temperature at which a substance changes from one crystal state (allotrope) to another.
Cell of reference?A reference electrode is an electrode having a known electrode potential .The reference electrode can function as a half cell in an electrochemical cell. The electrode potential of the other half cell can be found when the reference electrode functions as a half cell.
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A plant can store starch in many areas, from the leaves down to the roots .What does this tell us about the transport of sugar solution in phloem tubes?
A high concentration of sugar at the source creates a low solute potential (Ψs), which draws water into the phloem from the adjacent xylem. This creates a high pressure potential (Ψp), or high turgor pressure, in the phloem. The high turgor pressure drives movement of phloem sap by “bulk flow” from source to sink, where the sugars are rapidly removed from the phloem at the sink. Removal of the sugar increases the Ψs, which causes water to leave the phloem and return to the xylem, decreasing Ψp.