You are in charge of a plant that makes methyl bromide, CH3Br. This compound is used as a fumigant for nematodes. The thermochemical equation for the reaction is: CH3OH(aq) + Br−(aq) equilibrium reaction arrow CH3Br(aq) + OH −(aq) ΔH = +78 kJ/mol. You must maximize the yield of the product. Which of the following actions should you take? (Select all that apply.)

remove Br− ion
remove CH3OH
allow excess CH3Br to build up in the reaction
run the reaction with excess CH3OH
run the reaction with excess Br− ion
cool the reaction
heat the reaction
remove CH3Br as it is formed

Answer:

6

Explanation:

The characteristics of scientific explanation are included in the development of the atomic theory.

The development of a scientific idea always follows the scientific method. The scientific method includes the proposition of a hypothesis, the confirmation or disapproval of the initial hypothesis, and experimentation.

Dalton's primary ideas were laid aside as stronger empirical evidence developed. J.J. Thomson's experiment has given the atomic model while the nucleus and electron were discovered by the experiments of Rutherford, Geiger, and Ernest Marsden.

Since there was experimentation at certain points to confirm or disprove the propositions, therefore, there was a deep involvement of the scientific method in the development of the atomic theory.

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Answer:

[tex]Fe(NO_3)_3 (aq) + 3 NaOH (aq) = > Fe(OH)_3 (s) + 3NaNO_3 (aq)[/tex]
The oxidation state of the iron does not change and this is a double displacement reaction. Fe(OH)3 may decompose further into some oxyhydroxides but the equation provided is probably what the questioner is asking for

Explanation:

A scanning tunneling microscope is a type of microscope widely used both in industrial and fundamental research to obtain atomic scaled images. It is basically used for imagaing surfaces at the atomic level.

Answer:

The third option is correct.

INFORMATION:

We know that:

- Sodium azide, NaN3, decomposes according to the following equation 2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N2(g)

- We have an 45.0L airbag at 25°C and a pressure of 809 torr

And we must find how many grams of sodium azide are needed to inflate the airbag

STEP BY STEP EXPLANATION:

To find it, we need to use the Ideal Gas Law formula PV = nRT

Where,

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

T = temperature

R = gas constant

Is given that;

P = 809 torr

V = 45.0L

n = we need to calculate it

T = 25°C, converting to K, 25 °C + 273.15 = 298.15 K

R = 62.36 (L*torr)/(mol*K)

Now, replacing in the formula,

Now, solving for n

Now, using that molar mass of NaN3 = 65.02 g/mol, we can calculate the grams

Then, 127.3092 g are needed to inflate the airbag.

ANSWER:

127.3092 grams are needed to inflate the airbag.

Ag⁺, Fe³⁺, and Co²⁺ react with ammonia to generate the complex ion when ammonia is added to the mixture.

The following actions could be taken in order to separate the three cations:

Precipitation of the silver ion as the insoluble silver chloride salt is the initial stage in the separation of these three cations. The addition of hydrochloric acid is all that is necessary to produce this precipitate.

Ag⁺ (aq) + HCl (aq)  ⇄ AgCl (s, white) + H⁺ (aq)  .... (eq. 1)

By centrifuging the test tube and separating the supernatant, the silver can then be distinguished from the other two cations because neither iron (III) nor cobalt (II) can produce an insoluble chloride salt. The precipitate that is still in the test tube is next tested to determine if there is silver present. The silver (I) complex dissolves after the addition of ammonia first.

AgCl (s) + 2 NH₃ (aq)  ⇄ Ag(NH₃)₂⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) ........(eq. 2)

Nitric acid will cause the ammonia, NH₃, to react with the acid, shifting the balance to the left and causing the silver ion to re-precipitate as silver chloride.

Fe³⁺ and Co2+ are both present in the supernatant that was previously decanted. The iron (III) ion forms an insoluble hydroxide and precipitates out of the solution when ammonia is added to the mixture.

Fe³⁺ (aq) + 3 NH₃ (aq) + 3 H₂O (l) ⇄  Fe(OH)₃ (s) + 3 NH₄ ⁺ (aq) ........(eq. 3)

Fe(OH)₃ is left as a solid after centrifugation and decantation, and it can be dissolved with hot hydrochloric acid. You will carry out each of the two iron (III) confirmation tests. If Fe³⁺ is present in the first, adding potassium thiocyanate solution results in a red-brown color.

Fe³⁺(aq) + SCN⁻ (aq) ⇄  Fe(SCN)₂⁺ (aq, red-brown) ........(eq. 4)

In the second test, potassium ferrocyanide, K₄[Fe(CN)₆] solution is added after adding ammonia until the solution is only marginally acidic. Prussian blue is a dye that is a solid dark blue color when iron (III) is present.

4 Fe³⁺ (aq) + 3 K₄[Fe(CN)₆] (aq) ⇄  Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃ (s, blue) + 12 K⁺ .......(eq. 5)

Some blue inks contain this chemical suspended in a solution.

A straightforward test can establish the cobalt ion's existence in the decanted supernatant solution. Hydrochloric acid is added to the basic solution to make it significantly more acidic. When potassium nitrite, KNO₂, is added, potassium hexanitritocobaltate, an insoluble yellow chemical, is created (III).

Co²⁺ (aq) + 7 NO₂⁻(aq) + 3 K⁺ (aq) + 2 H⁺ (aq) → NO (g) + H₂O (l) + K3[Co(NO2)6] (s, yellow) ........(eq. 6)

Nitric oxide, or NO, a colorless gas, is created via the reaction in Eq. 6. Nitrogen dioxide, also known as NO₂, is created when nitric oxide and oxygen in the air react. NO₂ can be seen as a red-brown gas.

2 NO (g, colorless) + O₂ (g) → 2 NO₂ (g, red-brown) ........(eq. 7)

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Density=0.792g/ml

Volume=?

We know, Density = Mass/volume

Moles=0.5

To calculate mass, no of moles = given mass/ molar mass

Molar mass of methanol= 32

On calculating, given mass= 0.5*32 = 16g

Volume of methanol = Mass/Density

=16/0.792

=20.202 ml

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In Methane, we have 1 carbon atom combining with 4 hydrogen atoms.

It can also be said as

1 mole C + 4 mole of H = CH₄

These atoms combine together to give us 1 mole of CH₄

In the question given, we have 1 mole of carbon and 4 moles of hydrogen.

However, the equation for the formation of CH₄ is quite different as it is formed by hydrogenation of ethyne or ethene.

The above equation are some of the known ways to which methane is formed.

From the explanation above, we have 1 atom of C and 4 atoms of H

Answer:

3. 175000 ml
5. 622 cl
7. 1570 ml
9. 440000 l
11. 327 kl
13. 204 kl
15. 8.943 cl
17. 696 kl
19. 287.000046 kl
23. 641 kl
25. 436000 l
Unfortunately, i couldn't read any other problems, only 3 through 25 (with 21 not being a problem)

Explanation:

The conversion units are:
1 ml = 1 ml
10 ml = 1 cl
100 ml = 1 dl (dl meaning deciliter)
1000 ml = 1 l
1 l = 1 l
10 l = 1 decaliter
100 l = 1 hl (hectoliter)
1000 l = 1 kl

For example, if i had 123 l and i wanted to convert it into ml. since 1 l equals 1000 ml, and 2 l equals two times 1000 ml would be 2000 ml, 123 l would equal 123 times 1000 ml which would be 123000 ml.

Enthalpy of reaction when CO(s)  reacts with Fe₂O₃(s)  is +15.5KJ.

First let us write all the reactions,

Fe₂O₃(s) + 3CO(s) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO₂(g); ΔH₁ = -28.0 kJ, Equation 1,

3Fe(s) + 4CO₂(s) → 4CO(g) + Fe₃O₄(s) ; ΔH₂ = +12.5 kJ, Equation 2,

Enthalpy of reaction of  CO(s) and Fe₃O₄(s) can be found by,

Adding the two given equation,

Fe₂O₃(s) + 3CO(s) + 3Fe(s) + 4CO₂(s) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO₂(g) + 4CO(g) + Fe₃O₄(s)

Further solving,

Fe₂O₃(s) + Fe(s) + CO₂(s) → CO(s) + Fe₃O₄(s); ΔH = ΔH₁+ΔH₂

Now, reversing the equation,

CO(s) + Fe₃O₄(s) → Fe₂O₃(s) + Fe(s) + CO₂(s); ΔH = -(ΔH₁+ΔH₂)

On reversing a reaction the sign of the Enthalpy changes,

So, the enthalpy,

ΔH = -(ΔH₁+ΔH₂)

ΔH = -(-28+12.5)KJ

ΔH = 15.5 KJ.

Hence the enthalpy of reaction is 15.5KJ.

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A piece of metal has a mass of 32.4g and has a volume of 24.9cm³, then its density is 1.301 g/cm³

Density is defined as mass of a material substance per unit of the volume. The equation for density is d = M/V, where d stands for density, M for mass, and V for volume.

Grams per cubic centimeter are a common unit of density measurement. For instance, the density of Earth is 5.51 grams per cubic centimeter, whereas the density of water is 1 gram per cubic centimeter.

Density measures how tightly a mass of matter is packed. The density of a mass depends on how tightly it is packed in relation to the volume that it takes up. A low density substance, on the other hand, has a lower mass to volume ratio.

The amount of a substance present when its density is being measured ought not to have an impact on its density, in theory. The ratio of mass to volume should be constant regardless of the size of the sample being tested.

The formula of density is

[tex]\rho ={\frac {m}{V}}[/tex]

Where,

[tex]\rho[/tex] = density

m = mass

V = volume

We have given

m = 32.4g

V = 24.9cm³

[tex]\rho[/tex] = 32.4g/24.9cm³

[tex]\rho[/tex] = 1.301 g/cm³

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Potential energy is stored energy in an object. Potential energy is the product of mass of an object, acceleration due to gravity and height of an object where it is placed.

Potential energy = mgh

m = mass of an object

g = acceleration due to gravity

h =  height of an object

The S.I. unit of potential energy is joule and is represented by J.

Kinetic energy is energy of an object due to its movement. Kinetic energy is the product of mass of an object and velocity of an object shown by :-

Kinetic energy = 1/2 mv²

m = mass of an object

v = velocity of an object

The S.I. unit of kinetic energy is joule and is represented by J.

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First, you need to transform grams of NaCl into moles of NaCl. For this, you will divide by its molar mass. If you divide a fraction, If you divide a fraction, it is inverted and multiplied. So first you have:

0.75 g NaCl x 1 mol NaCl / 58.4 g/mol NaCl = 1.28 x 10^-2 moles

Now you need to use the avogrado's constant to find the number of particles. The avogrado's constant value is 6.02x10^23 mol^-1.

So you have:

0.75 g NaCl x 1 mol NaCl / 58.4 g/mol NaCl x 6.02 x 10^23 particles NaCl / 1 mol NaCl = 7.73 x 10^21 particles of NaCl

The relative atomic masses of the given elements are as follows:

Relative atomic mass is the sum of the product of the isotopic masses and the relative abundance of the isotopes of an element.

Relative atomic masses are averages.

The relative atomic masses of the given elements are calculated as follows:

1. Lead:

Relative atomic mass = (203.973 * 0.014) + (205.974 * 0.236) + (206.759 * 0.226) + (207.9766 * 0.523)

Relative atomic mass = 206.96 amu

2. Magnesium:

Relative atomic mass = (23.985 * 79.99) + (24.986 * 10%) + (25.983 * 11.01%)

Relative atomic mass = 24.62 amu

3. Silicon:

Relative atomic mass = (27.977 * 92.21%) + (28.976 * 4.70%) + (29.973 * 3.09%)

Relative atomic mass = 28.08 amu

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ANSWER

The number of moles of CO2 is 2.69 moles

EXPLANATION

Given that;

The mass of CO2 is 118.6 grams

Follow the steps below

The molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/mol

Therefore, the number of moles of CO2 is 2.69 moles

The North star is stationary because it helped as a reference point in describing the location of a place in Bethlehem.

This is a celestial body which is characterized by the presence of gases which are mostly hydrogen and helium and are held together by its own gravity.

The origin of the North star was in the creation of the stars by God in which a small dot was left. This resulted in the dot wanting to be like other stars. The wish was the later granted and it was the Star of Bethlehem which was stationary and helped in the precise location of the place.

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ANSWER

The usual oxidation state of lithium is +1

EXPLANATION

Lithium is a group 1 metal with an atomic number of 3. Its electronic configuration of lithium atom is written below as

In the above configuration, lithium has one electron in its outermost shell. Hence, the valence of electron is 1

During chemical reaction, lithium will lose an electron to attain it octet structure and it will attain the electronic configuration of Helium

Since it will be losing one electron, therefore it usual oxidation number is +1u

A sample of gas has an initial volume of 8.90 L at a pressure of 825 mmHg. If the volume of the gas is increased to 14.7 L, what is its pressure (in atm) is  0.65 atm.

According to boyle's law , we have

P1 V1  = P2 V2

P2 = (P1 V1 ) / V2

given that :

initial volume V1 = 8.90 L

pressure P1 = 825 mmHg = 1.08 atm

volume V2 = 14.7 L

solving the values in the formula , we get

P2 = (P1 V1 ) / V2

P2 = ( 1.08 × 8.90 ) / 14.7

P2 = 9.612 / 14.7

P2 = 0.65 atm

Thus, A sample of gas has an initial volume of 8.90 L at a pressure of 825 mmHg. If the volume of the gas is increased to 14.7 L,  its pressure in atm is  0.65 atm.

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The answer would be parasitism.

Let's define each term.

Parasitism: A relation between organisms in which one lives as a parasite on another.

Commensalism: A type of relationship between two species of plant, animal, fungus, etc., in which one lives with, on, or in another without damage to either.

Pollution: The introduction of harmful substances or products into the environment; the act of polluting or the state of being polluted.

Under some conditions, parasitism poses a major hazard to hosts, and environmental pollution has a detrimental impact on organism health as well. The concomitant effects of contaminants and parasites on an organism's physiological homeostasis are poorly understood. The current study indicates that parasites can: I affect how pollutants are metabolized by infected hosts; (ii) interact with pollution in positive or negative ways; and (iii) cause physiological changes in hosts that were previously assumed to be caused by pollution. Fish infected with acanthocephalans have lower metal levels than uninfected hosts, according to experimental studies on the uptake and accumulation of metals by fish. For instance, Pomphorhynchus laevis lowers lead levels in fish bile, which lessens or impedes the cycling of lead in the liver and intestines, potentially lowering the amount of metals available to fish. Thus, changes in pollutant absorption and accumulation caused by parasites in various intermediate and ultimate hosts are crucial to the study of ecotoxicology. Along with these changes, there is a strong relationship between the impacts of pollutants and parasites that appears to be partly mediated by the endocrine system, which is intimately linked to the immune system in fish. Studies in the lab on eels that had been artificially infected with the swimbladder worm Anguillicola crassus have shown that harmful substances like polychlorinated biphenyls have immunosuppressive effects that make parasite infection easier. Similar to this, a decrease in anti-A. crassus antibody levels is associated with an increase in blood cortisol concentration in eels as a result of chemical exposure and infection. Additionally, parasites are capable of inducing physiological modifications that are ascribed to substances with endocrine disrupting action, for instance, the cestode Ligula intestinalis is known to inhibit roach gonad growth. Roach are the best instances of endocrine disruption in wild fish, and it is likely that this disruption may be brought on by parasites like L. intestinalis or members of the phylum Microspora in addition to chemical action.

Thanks,
Eddie

Answer:

the answer is parasitism

Both superficial and deep infiltration of water into the soil are possible. The soil receives the moisture it needs from shallow penetration to maintain the plants and trees mentioned above. Additionally, shallow infiltration may penetrate the soil and enter lakes and rivers further downstream.

After precipitation, water can enter the water cycle through two different processes: runoff and infiltration. Infiltration is water that seeps into the soil, whereas runoff is water that flows across the land's surface. Large amounts of water are moved via runoff across the Earth's surface, finally ending up in lakes and oceans.

The process of evaporation turns liquid water into gaseous water (water vapor). Evaporation is how water gets from the surface of the Earth to the atmosphere. Evaporation results from the dissolution of the bonds holding the water molecules together as a result of heat energy.

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ANSWER

The number of moles of water produced is 4.54 moles

EXPLANATION

Given that:

The mass of carbon dioxide is 100g

To find the moles of water, follow the steps below

Step 1: Calculate the moles of carbon dioxide using the formula below

Recall, that the molar mass of CO2 is 44.01 g/ mol

Step 2: Substitute the given data into the formula in step 1

Step 3: Find the moles of water produced using a stoichiometry ratio

In the reaction above, 1 mole of CO2 is equivalent to 2 moles of H2O

Let x represent the number of moles of water

Therefore, the number of moles of water produced is 4.54 moles

Explanation:

[tex]q = mc(t2 - t1)[/tex]

[tex]q = 40 \times 2.44 \times (60 - 50)[/tex]

[tex]q = 976 \: joules[/tex]

17.28 moles of  Cl atoms are present in 4.32 moles of CC14.

we have given data in the statement

4 Cl atoms in CC14.

then moles of Cl in CC14 =  4.32×4 = 17.28 moles

The mole idea is a useful way to indicate how much of a substance there is. Even one gram of a pure element is known to have an enormous number of atoms when working with particles at the atomic (or molecular) level. The mole idea is frequently applied in this situation. The unit of measurement that receives the most attention is the "mole," which is a count of a sizable number of particles.

Popularly known as the Avogadro constant, the quantity 6.02214076*10^23 is frequently represented by the letter "NA". Atoms, molecules, monoatomic and polyatomic ions, as well as other particles, are examples of the elementary entities that can be represented in moles (such as electrons).

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Under the given conditions, the density of lead is 11000 kg/m∧3.

What is relative density?

The proportion of a substance's density to that of reference material under particular circumstances is called relative density. The standard measure for liquids and solids is often water at 4°C or another predetermined temperature. An ice cube, for instance, has a relative density of 0.91 and will float. A substance will sink if its relative density is greater than 1. Both the reference and the sample must have a specific temperature and pressure.

Let the Relative density of lead be R

The density of water is ρw

We know,

Relative density R = 11  

Density of water = 1000 kg/m∧3

Density of lead = 11 × ρwater =  11 × 1000 kg/m∧3 = 11000 kg/m∧3

Hence, the density of lead is 11000 kg/m∧3.

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​

​

Density of water, ρ

water

​

=1000 kg/m

3

=1 g/cm

3

⟹ρ

lead

​

=11.3×ρ

water

​

ρ

lead

​

(in g/cm

3

)=11.3×1

ρ

lead

​

(in g/cm

3

)=11.3 g/cm

3

And,

ρ

lead

​

(in kg/m

3

)=11.3×1000

ρ

lead

​

(in kg/m

3

)=11300 kg/m

3

An instantaneous dipole occurs when a molecule's moving electrons are briefly more concentrated in one place than another, causing the molecule to become temporarily polarized.

The correct option is True.

Dipoles refer to a separation of charges where one end of a substance has a  positive charge while the other end has a negative charge.

In chemical compounds, dipoles occur within a molecule that has covalently bonded atoms or atoms that share electrons in the covalent bond.

The dipole may be permanent dipoles or temporary dipoles.

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Answer:

222.2cm^2?

Explanation:

cos volume equals mass divided by density

Specific heat capacity of metal is the amount of heat that is required to raise the temperature of metal by 1 degree Celsius. The metals which has specific heat capacity of 0.449J/K/g is Iron. Thus correct option is option C

Enthalpy term is basically used in thermodynamics to show the overall energy that a matter have. Mathematically, Enthalpy is directly proportional to specific heat capacity of a substances.

Mathematically,

Enthalpy=mass of metal ×specific heat capacity of metal ×Change in temperature.

mass of metal= 10.0 g

change in temperature= 14.0° C =14K

specific heat capacity of metal=?

Q= enthalpy= 62.9 J

Substituting all the given values

specific heat capacity of metal= 62.9 J÷( 10.0 g × 14.0 K )

                                                 = 0.449J/K/g

Therefore the metals which has specific heat capacity of 0.449J/K/g is Iron. Thus correct option is option C

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